Australian Stock Exchange

Australian Stock Exchange
27-10-08 Last Update

S&P SX200: 3809.2 -60.2
ALL ORDS: 3768.3 -63.3

The ASX Stock exchange began as six separate exchanges established in the state capitals Melbourne (1861), Sydney (1871), Hobart (1882), Brisbane (1884), Adelaide (1887) and Perth (1889).[2] An exchange in Launceston merged into the Hobart exchange too.
The first interstate conference was held in 1903 at Melbourne Cup time. The exchanges then met on an informal basis until 1937 when the Australian Associated Stock Exchanges (AASE) was established, with representatives from each exchange. Over time the AASE established uniform listing rules, broker rules, and commission rates.
Trading was conducted by a call system, where an exchange employee called the names of each company and brokers bid or offered on each. In the 1960s this changed to a post system. Exchange employees called "chalkies" wrote bids and offers in chalk on blackboards continuously, and recorded transactions made.
The Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) is the primary stock exchange in Australia. The ASX began as separate state-based exchanges established as early as 1861. Today trading is all-electronic and the exchange is a public company, listed on the exchange itself.
The Australian Securities Exchange as it is now known resulted from the merger of the Australian Stock Exchange and the Sydney Futures Exchange in December 2006.
The biggest stocks traded on the ASX, in terms of their market capitalisation, include BHP Billiton, Commonwealth Bank of Australia, Telstra Corporation, Rio Tinto, National Australia Bank and Australia and New Zealand Banking Group. As at 31-Dec-2006 the three largest sectors by market cap were financial services (34%), commodities (20%) and listed property trusts (10%).
The major market index is the S&P/ASX 200, an index made up of the top 200 shares in the ASX. This supplanted the previously significant All Ordinaries index, which still runs parallel to the S&P ASX 200. Both are commonly quoted together. Other indices for the bigger stocks are the S&P/ASX 100 and S&P/ASX 50.
The ASX is a public company, and its own shares are traded on the ASX. However, the corporation's charter restricts maximum individual holdings to a small fraction of the company.
While the ASX regulates other listed companies listed on the ASX, it cannot regulate itself, and is regulated by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC).
The current managing director Robert Elstone was appointed in July 2006. Prior to the merger of ASX with the Sydney Futures Exchange (SFE), Robert Elstone was the CEO of the SFE

Nasdaq Stock Exchange

NASDAQ Stock Exchange

27-10-08 Last Update

NASDAQ 1552.03 51.88 -3.23%

When the NASDAQ stock exchange began trading on February 8, 1971, the NASDAQ was the world's first electronic stock market. At first, it was merely a computer bulletin board system and did not actually connect buyers and sellers. The NASDAQ helped lower the spread (the difference between the bid price and the ask price of the stock) but somewhat paradoxically was unpopular among brokerages because they made much of their money on the spread.
NASDAQ was the successor to the over-the-counter (OTC) and the "Curb Exchange" systems of trading. As late as 1987, the NASDAQ exchange was still commonly referred to as the OTC in media and also in the monthly Stock Guides issued by Standard & Poor's Corporation
It was founded in 1971 by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD), who divested themselves of it in a series of sales in 2000 and 2001. It is owned and operated by the NASDAQ OMX Group, the stock of which was listed on its own stock exchange in 2002, and is monitored by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
With the completed purchase of the Nordic-based operated exchange OMX, following its agreement with Borse Dubai, NASDAQ is poised to capture 67% of the controlling stake in the aforementioned exchange, thereby inching ever closer to taking over the company and creating a trans-atlantic powerhouse.[2] Nasdaq-OMX group as it's now known now controls and operates the NASDAQ stock market in NYC, which is the second largest in the US; in addition, it now operates eight stock exchanges in Europe and also holds 33.3% of the Dubai Stock Exchange. It has a double-listing agreement with OMX, and will compete with NYSE-Euronext group in attracting new listings.
When the stock exchange began trading on February 8, 1971, the NASDAQ was the world's first electronic stock market. At first, it was merely a computer bulletin board system and did not actually connect buyers and sellers. The NASDAQ helped lower the spread (the difference between the bid price and the ask price of the stock) but somewhat paradoxically was unpopular among brokerages because they made much of their money on the spread.

Karachi Stock Exchange

Karachi Stock Exchange

27-10-09 Last Update

MARKET HIGHLIGHTS




KSE-30 Index 10003.99
KSE-100 Index 9182.88
All Share Index 6639.06

KSE-30 Index 11224.18

KSE-100 Vol 1,800
KSE-100 Val (M) 0.09

KSE-100 Change 0.00

LATEST NEWS: Proposal: Shares KSE to be sold to Singapore, Dubai

27-10-08

KARACHI: A senior official of KSE has proposed to sell out shares of Karachi Stock Exchange to Singapore and Dubai to prevent floor from crisis.Meanwhile, Dubai, Singapore, and New Zealand have shown their interests in buying KSE shares while Chairman Securities said that the hegemony of some of the high-class figures working with government would keep demolishing small investors.His statement came after the MQM chief Altaf Hussain urged Sunday to open trade in KSE however brokers and dealers failed to accomplish dialogues to open trade here.He added that KSE might remain frozen for several weeks.

Banks offer fresh financing to local bourse. 20-10-08

KARACHI: Commercial banks operating in Pakistan have offered to provide fresh financing to local bourse. This was agreed after a meeting between commercial banks and the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) here on Monday.Talking to Geo News, President Muslim Commercial Bank (MCB) Atif Bajwa also confirmed the news.He said the announcement of Rs270 billion bailout package by SBP has resolved the problem of liquidity crunch in the banking system. This amount is sufficient to last till March next year, he added.

HISTORY OF KARACHI STOCK EXCHANGE

KSE began with a 50 shares index. As the market grew a representative index was needed. On November 1st, 91 the KSE-100 was introduced and remains to this day the most generally accepted measure of the Exchange. Karachi Stock Exchange 100 Index (KSE-100 Index) is a benchmark used to compare prices overtime, companies with the highest market capitalization are selected. To ensure full market representation, the company with the highest market capitalization from each sector is also included. In 95 the need was felt for an all share index to reconfirm the KSE-100 and also to provide the basis of index trading in future. On August the 29th, 95 the KSE all share index was constructed and introduced on September 18, 1995. Karachi Stock Exchange is the biggest and most liquid stock exchange and has been declared as the “Best Performing Stock Market of the World for the year 2002”. As on March 31, 2006, 663 companies were listed with the market capitalization of Rs. 3,257.062 billion (US $ 54.28) having listed capital of Rs. 486.489 billion (US $ 8.11 billion). The KSE 100 Index closed at 11485.90 on March 31, 2006 KSE has been well into the 4th year of being one of the Best Performing Markets of the world as declared by the international magazine “Business Week”. Similarly the US newspaper, USA Today, termed Karachi Stock Exchange as one of the best performing bourses in the world
The outgoing financial year ending June 2008 (FY08) turned out to be a difficult year for Pakistan Market, which after witnessing a bull run for 6 consecutive years (FY02-07), ended with a negative return of 11% (21% in US$ terms) and closed at 12,289 points level. Market Capitalization trimmed by 17% from US$ 66.5 bn to US$ 55.3 bn.
The market gained a 2.2% in first half (Jul-Dec) FY08 as against a negative return of 12.7% in second half (Jan-Jun) FY08. KSE-100 touched its all time high of 15,676 on 18 April, 2008, yet closed the fiscal year at 12,289 levels, down 22% from its peak. Weak Macro-economic fundamentals at the back of persistently high international oil prices amidst a less than perfect and a rather tumultuous transition towards perfect ‘Democratization’ led to a downgrading of the sovereign rating, capital outflows and, subsequently, a major tightening in monetary policy were the major reasons behind this massive correction. Moreover, rumors regarding implementation of Capital Gains Tax before the budget, also led to the prevalence of a negative sentiment in the market during the same time period.
In FY08, the average daily volume in ready market stood at 241.6 mn shares (up 14%), whereas average volumes in futures market fell by 10% and stood at 53.6 mn shares. In terms of value, average daily volumes were US$ 411mn in cash market up by 11% while in futures it was US$143 mn up 0.6%. On WoW closing basis, the market witnessed 27 positive closings with remaining weeks ending in red zone.

POLITICS AND ECONOMY DRIVE MARKET DOWN 11%

In FY08, the market posted a negative annual return of 11% in local currency terms (21% in US$ terms) against 6-year (FY02-07) average annual return of 48% in Rupee terms (50% in US$ terms). However, comparing the market’s performance on a half yearly basis, we can observe contrasting performance.
Despite fall in most of the regional markets, KSE’s performance was rather unimpressive as MSCI Emerging Asia (ex Japan) fell by only 6.6%. However, it still out-performed peers such as Taiwan, Malaysia, China and Philippines..

FERTILIZERS & E&P OUTPERFORM, BANKS UNDER PERFORM

Among key sectors, fertilizers and E&P sectors remained top performers with returns of 18.5% and 5%, respectively in their capitalization. Performance of the two index heavyweights was more than offset by dismal performances by banking and telecom sectors, which registered a decline of 40.6% and 30.8%, respectively. Banking sector came under pressure after the removal of Forced Sale Value benefit which resulted in higher NPL’s for the sector. Moreover, continued monetary tightening from the central bank which increased discount rates by 250bps during FY08 also had an adverse effect on the sector’s performance. Similarly, telecom sector’s under performance was mainly attributed to one off huge VSS cost of Rs 23 bn borne by the sector’s giant PTCL

FUTURE OUTLOOK

The medium term change in economic fundamentals for equities around emerging markets now appears to be more than adequately priced in. Moreover, the emerging economies have started to adjust to the new reality of high oil price and hence at the back of an expected slowdown in oil demand growth, any further major spike in oil prices can be ruled out. We’d like to reiterate the fundamental risk and return feature of the equities and the fact that equities have outperformed most other investment classes over the last century around the globe, even after incorporating the various oil prices shocks that the world went through. Pakistan market is still offering a PE discount of 32% as against comparable Asian emerging markets. Going forward, Pakistan market is expected to stabilize around current levels once this ‘over reaction’ to the weakened economic fundamentals settles down. In the short to medium run, a softening in international oil prices, improvement in domestic politics, and softening in monetary policy stance remain the key triggers.

National Stock Exchange

National Stock Exchange
27-10-2008 Last Update

S&P CNX NIFTY: current 2524.20 %changes -2.31%

CNX NIFTY JUNIOR: current 3878.40 %change -5.51%

CNX IT :current 2380.90 change -1.43%

BANK NIFTY :current 4092.90 %change -5.04%

CNX 100 :current 2388.60%change -2.76%

S&P CNX DEFTY : current 1754.90 %change -1.98%

S&P CNX 500 : current 1973.70 %change -3.02%
CNX MIDCAP : current 3260.30 %change -4.43%
NIFTY MIDCAP 50 : current 1143.25 %change 3.95%

The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE), is a Mumbai-based stock exchange. It is the largest stock exchange in India in terms of daily turnover and number of trades, for both equities and derivative trading.[1]. Though a number of other exchanges exist, NSE and the Bombay Stock Exchange are the two most significant stock exchanges in India, and between them are responsible for the vast majority of share transactions. The NSE's key index is the S&P CNX Nifty, known as the Nifty, an index of fifty major stocks weighted by market capitalisation. NSE is mutually-owned by a set of leading financial institutions, banks, insurance companies and other financial intermediaries in India but its ownership and management operate as separate entities[2]. As of 2006, the NSE VSAT terminals, 2799 in total, cover more than 1500 cities across India [3]. In October 2007, the equity market capitalization of the companies listed on the NSE was US$ 1.46 trillion, making it the second largest stock exchange in South Asia. NSE is the third largest Stock Exchange in the world in terms of the number of trades in equities.[4]It is the second fastest growing stock exchange in the world with a recorded growth of 16.6%.[5]

S&P CNX Nifty

S&P CNX Nifty is owned and managed by india index services and product ltd (IISL) , which is a joint venture between NSE and CRISIL. IISL is India's first specialised company focused upon the index as a core product. IISL has a Marketing and licensing agreement with Standard & Poor's (S&P), who are world leaders in index services. 1) The traded value for the last six months of all Nifty stocks is approximately 48.15% of the traded value of all stocks on the NSE 2) Nifty stocks represent about 59.32% of the total market capitalization as on June 30, 2008 3) Impact cost of the S&P CNX Nifty for a portfolio size of Rs.2 crore is 0.14% 4) S&P CNX Nifty is professionally maintained and is ideal for derivatives trading.

CNX IT INDEX

The index is a market capitalisation weighted index with its base period being December 1995 and the base date and base value being January 1, 1996 and 1,000 respectively.The Base Value of the index is being revised from 1000 to 100 w.e.f. 28 May 2004. 1) Company's market capitalisation rank in the universe should be less than 500 2) Company's turnover rank in the universe should be less than 500 3) Company's trading frequency should be at least 90% in the last six months 4) Company should have a positive networth.

CNX Nifty Junior

The next rung of liquid securities after S&P CNX Nifty is the CNX Nifty Junior. It may be useful to think of the S&P CNX Nifty and the CNX Nifty Junior as making up the 100 most liquid stocks in India.As with the S&P CNX Nifty, stocks in the CNX Nifty Junior are filtered for liquidity, so they are the most liquid of the stocks excluded from the S&P CNX Nifty. The maintenance of the S&P CNX Nifty and the CNX Nifty Junior are synchronised so that the two indices will always be disjoint sets; i.e. a stock will never appear in both indices at the same time. Hence it is always meaningful to pool the S&P CNX Nifty and the CNX Nifty Junior into a composite 100 stock index or portfolio.

CNX Bank Index

The Indian banking Industry has been undergoing major changes, reflecting a number of underlying developments. Advancement in communication and information technology has facilitated growth in internet-banking, ATM Network, Electronic transfer of funds and quick dissemination of information. Structural reforms in the banking sector have improved the health of the banking sector. The reforms recently introduced include the enactment of the Securitization Act to step up loan recoveries, establishment of asset reconstruction companies, initiatives on improving recoveries from Non-performing Assets (NPAs) and change in the basis of income recognition has raised transparency and efficiency in the banking system. Spurt in treasury income and improvement in loan recoveries has helped Indian Banks to record better profitability. In order to have a good benchmark of the Indian banking sector, India Index Service and Product Limited (IISL) has developed the CNX Bank Index The index is a market capitalization weighted index with base date of January 01, 2000, indexed to a base value of 1000.

CNX 100

CNX 100 is a diversified 100 stock index accounting for 35 sector of the economy.CNX 100 is owned and managed by India Index Services & Products Ltd. (IISL). Which is a joint venture between CRISIL & NSE. IISL is India’s first specialized company focused upon the index as a core products. IISL has a licensing & marketing agreement with Standard & Poor’s (S&P), who are leader’s in index services.

S&P CNX Defty

Almost every institutional investor and off-shore fund enterprise with an equity exposure in India would like to have an instrument for measuring returns on their equity investment in dollar terms. To facilitate this, a new index the S&P CNX Defty-Dollar Denominated S&P CNX Nifty has been developed.S&P CNX Defty is S&P CNX Nifty, measured in dollars. 1) Performance indicator to foreign institutional investors, off shore funds, etc.. 2) Provides an effective tool for hedging Indian equity exposure. 3) Impact cost of the S&P CNX Nifty for a portfolio size of Rs.2 crore is 0.14% 4) Provides fund managers an instrument for measuring returns on their equity investment in dollar terms.

S&P CNX 500

The S&P CNX 500 is India’s first broadbased benchmark of the Indian capital market. The S&P CNX 500 represents about 84.24% of total market capitalisation and about 78% of the total turnover on the NSE as on March 31,2008.

CNX Midcap

The medium capitalised segment of the stock market is being increasingly perceived as an attractive investment segment with high growth potential. The primary objective of the CNX Midcap Index is to capture the movement and be a benchmark of the midcap segment of the market

Nifty Midcap 50

he medium capitalized segment of the stock market is being increasingly perceived as an attractive investment segment with high growth potential. The primary objective of the Nifty Midcap 50 Index is to capture the movement of the midcap segment of the market. It can also be used for index-based derivatives trading.

CHittagong Stock Exchange

Chittagong Stock Exchange

27-10-2008 Last Update

CASPI: 8383.4209 -2.4512%
CSE-30: 7334.1191 -2.4602 %
CSCX: 5473.8235 - 2.5743%

The Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) began its journey in 10th October of 1995 from Chittagong City through the cry-out trading system with the promise to create a state-of-the art bourse in the country.
Founder members of the proposed Chittagong Stock Exchange approached the Bangladesh Government in January 1995 and obtained the permission of the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 12, 1995 for establishing the country's second stock exchange. The Exchange comprised of twelve Board members, presided by Mr. Amir Khosru Mahmud Chowdhury (MP) and run by an independent secretariat from the very first day of its inception

Lahore Stock Exchange

Lahore Stock Exchange
27-10-2008 Last Update

LSE-25: 2824.86 Change +0.26%

Beginning of the Lahore Stock Exchange was founded in October 1970 in the busy area of Bank Square in Lahore, Pakistan. It was formed under the Securities and Exchange Ordinance in Pakistan. There were originally 83 Punjab members but 25 years later, in 2004, there were a total of 650 members. The Lahore Stock Exchange has in fact become so popular that they have now opened 2 further branches in Faisalabad and Sialkot. At first the Lahore Stock Exchange had very few active members and there were only two opportunities to trade; the first was to trade through the Karachi Stock Exchange or trade only in Bonus, Vouchers and Bonds. This was mainly due to constraints from the size of the building and in just under 20 years, the Lahore Stock Exchange was moved to its present location at 19-Khayaban-e-Aiwan-e-Iqbal, Lahore. Since then both the industry of Pakistan and the Stock Exchange itself have gone from strength to strength, due to the coincidental time of the move; the relocation coincided with the Pakistan government accepting a market economy and heightened deregulation. The advance of the Lahore Stock Exchange. In recent years there have been a great many advances in the Lahore Stock Exchange. Business has seen a steady boom, a new Management Information System has been introduced and electronic clearing house activities as well as electronic purchasing are now being used. The future of the Lahore Stock Exchange. Many believe that this modernization and increasing growth will eventually take its toll on the Lahore Stock Exchange and managers have only just been able to keep control of it through the introduction of modern technologies. The fact is, a greater physical space will need to be introduced again in the near future and a ‘Construction Committee’ has been introduced to this end. Day trading only began at the Lahore Stock Exchange back in 1993 and the owners of the stock exchange along with the Construction Committee now aim to transform it from a local organization into a global player in the stock market. They began to implement large scale modernization in 1994 in order to keep up with the growth of the stock exchange and so far they have completed this admirably; they aim to keep expanding and improving until they
are stable and technologically advanced enough to take part in the world stock exchange. The Lahore Stock Exchange. Because of the already improved technology and implementation of new techniques coupled with the expected and planned growth the Lahore Stock Exchange is set to become a serious player and many areas of the world are already sitting up and paying attention to their progress. They offer the usual statistics and services that many of the world’s larger and longer established stock exchanges can offer, so it only seems a matter of time before they are competing but all of this is assuming that they can cope with the changes and growth they will need to go through.

Islamabad Stock Exchange

Islamabad Stock Exchange

27-10-2008 Last Update

Market highlights

ISE 10: 1687.25
ISE Volume: 1000
ISE Value: 3,500
Change: -8.18

LATEST NEWS: SECP resolves Rs. 50 bln Support Fund for stock markets
ISLAMABAD: Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has held a meeting here concluding the resolve to provide Rs. 50 billion Support Fund for stock exchanges to cope with ongoing financial crisis on Wednesday.Director KESC Sohail Walia told Geo News that during the meeting, it was resolved to release Rs. 50 billion Support Fund to emancipate state’s stock markets from crisis.Market Support Fund would be available after October 27 and added that Rs. 20 billion Support Fund would be available straightaway while remaining Rs. 30 billion would be provided to stock markets through “Pit Option”.

Islamabad Stock Exchange or ISE. It was launched on the 25th day of October 1989 but it was only until the 10th day of August 1992 when it commenced operations altogether.

When the Islamabad Stock Exchange was inaugurated on 1989, it was recognized as a guarantee limited company. Although it is not the pioneer stock exchange in Pakistan, it is founded with an ultimate goal of being one of the leading securities market around the globe. ISE believes that this objective can be realized through a good trading and settlement foundation working side by side with a cutting-edge information system combined with experienced human resources.

Also, the ISE mainly ministers to the demands of companies in some areas in the northern side of the country that are considered underdeveloped. Even though it helps companies in the less developed parts of Pakistan, ISE still maintains an inimitable touchstone in relation to the productivity of its operations. This serves as an encouragement for both major and minor league companies who are reputed to be lucrative to be a part of the exchange. ISE is indeed portraying an indispensable part involving the economic progress of the developing areas which eventually leads to the general advancement of Pakistan's economy.

Currently, the ISE have 119 members actively participating. Out of those 119 members, 93 are corporate organizations. This encompasses investment banks as well as commercial banks, brokerage houses, and DFIs. The remaining number of members are individuals who are experienced, have inventive ideas, and are liberal-minded when it comes to the securities market industry.

A Board of Directors oversees every negotiation and issue involving the Islamabad Stock Exchange. The Board has ten directors all in all. Five out of the ten members are handpicked from the stock exchange's registered members. The Securities Exchange Commission of Pakistan, or SECP, elects the other four members. The last member of the Board is the managing director in honor of his appointment. Along this line, the ISE launched an Investors Protection Fund so as to secure the concernment of the financing public.

In order to further advance its operations, the ISE adopted a fully electronic trading system, known as the ISECTS. As a result, the volume of the exchange's trade continually doubled in a regular basis. Around this time, the typical turnover every day reached the one million shares mark. Presently, most, if not all, negotiations involving the securities listed in the market are done through the ISECTS. The manual approach in dispensing shares and securities has been abolished in favor of the automated trading system. A larger part of the scripts are verified through the Central Depository Company of Pakistan Limited.

Now, the Islamabad Stock Exchange has an overall number of 241 listed companies and securities. The collective capital amounts to Rs. 389.512 billion. On the 4th day of April 2007, ISE's market capitalization crossed to Rs. 2,275.00 billion. However, the rate of listing is directly affected by the country's economic crisis which is due to several inherent, and sometimes external, factors.

If ranked with the world's leaders in securities market, the Islamabad Stock Exchange has a long way to go before it can play in the major league. With this in mind, ISE never cease to elevate its operations by advancing the technology it utilizes and by adopting the International trading system and practices.

Dhaka Stock Exchange

Dhaka Stock Exchange

27-10-08 Last Update

DSI INDEX : 2265.43400 57.44211 -2.4728874%

GENERAL INDEX : 2732.93324 70.34369 -2.5093379%

Dhaka Stock Exchange (Generally known as DSE) is the main stock exchange of Bangladesh. It is located in Motijheel at the heart of the Dhaka city. It was incorporated in 1954. Dhaka stock exchange is the first stock exchange of the country.
It first incorporated as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Association Ltd in 28th April 1954 and started formal trading in 1956. It was renamed as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Ltd in 23rd June 1962. Again renamed as Dacca Stock Exchange Ltd in 13th May 1964. After the liberation war in 1971 the trading was discontinued for five years. In 1976 trading restarted in Bangladesh. In 16th September 1986 DSE All Share Price Index was started. The formula for calculating DSE all share price index was changed according to IFC in 1st November 1993. The automated trading was initiated in 10th August 1998. In 1st January 2001 DSE 20 Index was started. Central Depository System was initiated in 24th January 2004. As of November 15th 2007, the benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) crossed 3000 points for the first time, setting another new high at 3013 points.

Singapore Stock Exchange

Singapore Stock Exchange

27-10-08

ST INDEX: 1,600.28 -145.39
SGX : 4.680 -0.390

Singapore Stock Exchange Limited (SGX) was established on December 1, 1999, subsequent the amalgamation of two recognized and reputable financial institutions - the Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES) and the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX).
Singapore Stock Exchange is the earliest demutualised and incorporated securities and derivatives exchange of Asia-Pacific.

On December 1, 1999, SGX was established following the amalgamation of the two exchanges: Stock Exchange of Singapore and Singapore Intl Monetary Exchange.
SGX possesses and controls Singapore’s only one incorporated securities exchange and derivatives exchange and their associated clearing houses. The securities exchange was Asia’s earliest totally electronic exchange which is floorless.
The derivatives exchange is Asia’s one of the major exchange and The International Financing Review was nominated it as "Derivatives Exchange of the Year" in 1989, 1992, 1993 and 1998 and The Asset magazine was recognized it as "Asia's Best Derivatives Exchange in 1999".
Being a founder member of the GLOBEX Alliance jointly with some other important derivatives exchanges SGX was retain the significant associations with the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the Australian Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India

The Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES) merged with the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX) on Wednesday, making the country a pioneer in such mergers in the Asia-Pacific region.

The new Singapore Exchange is "the first de-mutualized, integrated securities and derivatives exchange in the Asia-Pacific," a statement from the company said.

By being de-mutualized, members of the exchange do not have to buy and own a seat in the exchange to be able to trade directly, as was the custom in the past.

The new exchange is expected to be listed on the Singapore stock market a few years down the road, industry sources said, but no specific time frame has been announced.

The merger reflects a wider trend in the region for stocks and derivatives exchanges to merge to improve efficiency, develop and offer more products and pool their resources so as to compete and survive in today's more globalized, high-speed electronic trading world.

London Stock Exchange

London Stock Exchange

Principal stock exchange in London, England. The market was founded in 1773, 13 years after 150 brokers who been thrown out of the Royal Exchange reconvened at Jonathan's Coffee House. In 1986 a reorganization, dubbed the ‘big bang’, introduced a number of changes. It allowed ownership of member firms by outside corporations and firms were able to operate as both brokers and dealers (previously the functions had been separated). At the same time, the LSE became a private limited company. The London Stock Exchange was listed as a public company in July 2001

a London marketplace for securities. It lies in the vicinity of the Bank of England and the Royal Exchange, in the heart of the City of London. The market was formed in 1773 by several stockbrokers who had been doing business informally in neighbourhood coffeehouses. In 1801 a group of members raised money for the construction of a building in Capel Court, Bartholomew Lane, and rules for the exchange were established soon afterward; the rules subsequently have been amended several times. In 1973 the exchange merged with several regional stock exchanges in Great Britain, and in 1986 its operations were reorganized and an automated price-quotation system introduced

American Stock Exchange

American stock market (amex)]

major U.S. stock exchange that also handles trades in options, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), corporate bonds, and other investment vehicles. Trading on the Amex—formerly known as the “Curb” (because its transactions took place outdoors during much of its existence)—is believed to have started about 1849 in New York City. By 1908 it was known as the New York Curb Agency, and it was called the New York Curb Exchange from 1929 to 1953, at which time it changed its name to its present form. The market first moved indoors in 1921. For a number of years it was a marketplace for securities not considered reputable enough for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, but it came to be considered an equally respectable exchange with its own listing requirements for securities and admissions requirements for members

Bombay Stock Exchange

Bombay Stock Exchange
27-10-2008 Last Update

Market Indicators

SENSEX: point 8,509.56 pt 191.51 -2.20%
MIDCAP: point 2,966.23 pt 129.45 -4.18%
SMLCAP: point 3,478.84 pt 182.99 -5.00%
BSE-500: point 3,162.35 pt 95.44 -2.93%

LATEST NEWS: Indian stock crashes

MUMBAI: Indian shares fell ten percent on Monday afternoon to below the psychological 8,000-point level, as overseas funds and individuals sold heavily on fears of a worldwide recession, dealers said. The benchmark 30-share Sensex fell 933.86 points or 10.73 percent to 7,767.21 intra-day Monday, its lowest level since November 2, 2005.The markets have fallen more than 20 percent in just two trading days as overseas funds are pulling out their money from emerging markets like India to move to safer havens

The Indian Stock Markets are at a new historic high as the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) monitored Bombay sensitive index, the Sensex breached the 7500 mark for the first time on July 25 2005 in its 130-year history. And is making new highs everyday.

The BSE Sensex and National Stock exchange (NSE) Nifty are the main Indian stock market indices. Stockbrokers say the stock market boom in the Indian stocks is being spurred by foreign institutional investors (FII) who are investing more money into indian stocks. India has become a good market for investors due to strong economic growth, growing exports and stock market reforms.

Many large blue chip companies are actively traded on the national and international stock exchanges like Reliance Industries, Infosys, Wipro, Satyam, Tata Steel etc.

A saying goes when your local street vendor knows that the stock market is booming, its time to sell stocks and exit with all the profit and money you made, since a stock market correction will occur soon. Any good stock tips to make more money in stocks, securities and derivatives (futures / options)?

The Stock Exchange, Mumbai; popularly called The Bombay Stock Exchange, or BSE) is the oldest stock exchange in Asia. It is also the biggest stock exchange in the world in terms of listed companies with 4,800 listed companies as of August 2007.[1] It is located at Dalal Street, Mumbai, India. On 31 December 2007, the equity market capitalization of the companies listed on the BSE was US$ 1.79 trillion, making it the largest stock exchange in South Asia and the tenth largest in the world.[2]

The Bombay Stock Exchange was established in 1875. Around 4,800 Indian companies list on the stock exchange,[3] and it has a significant trading volume. The BSE SENSEX (sensitive index), also called the "BSE 30", is a widely used market index in India and Asia. Though many other exchanges exist, BSE and the National Stock Exchange of India account for most of the trading in shares in India.

Toronto Stock Exchange

21-10-08

S&P/TSX Composite index

VALUE: 9,795.80 NET CHANGE: -465.60 %CHANGE: -4.44

S&P/TSX Venture

VALUE: 969.39 NET CHANGE: -15.55 %CHANGE: -1.58

The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX; abbreviated TSE until 2001) is the largest stock exchange in Canada, the third largest in North America and the seventh largest in the world by market capitalization. Based in Toronto, it is owned and operated by TSX Group for the trading of senior equities. A broad range of businesses from Canada, the United States and other countries are represented on the exchange. In addition to conventional securities, the exchange lists various exchange-traded funds, split share corporations, income trusts and investment funds. The TSX is a leader in the mining and oil & gas sector. More mining and oil & gas companies are listed on the TSX than any other exchange in the world
The Toronto Stock Exchange likely descended from the Association of Brokers, a group formed by Toronto businessmen on July 26, 1852. No official records of the group's transactions have survived. On October 25, 1861, twenty-four men gathered at the Masonic Hall to officially create the Toronto Stock Exchange.[2] The exchange was formally incorporated by an act of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1878.

The TSE grew continuously in size and in shares traded, save for a three month period in 1914 when the exchange was shut down for fear of financial panic due to World War I. In 1934, the Toronto Stock Exchange merged with its key competitor the Standard Stock and Mining Exchange. The merged markets chose to keep the name Toronto Stock Exchange. In 1977, the TSE introduced CATS (Computer Assisted Trading System), an automated trading system that started to be used for the quotation of less liquid equities.

On April 23rd, 1997, the TSE's trading floor closed, making it the second-largest stock exchange in North America to choose a floorless, electronic (or virtual trading) environment. In 1999, the Toronto Stock Exchange announced the appointment of Barbara G. Stymiest to the position of President & Chief Executive Officer.

Through a realignment plan, Toronto Stock Exchange became Canada's sole exchange for the trading of senior equities. The Bourse de Montréal/Montreal Exchange assumed responsibility for the trading of derivatives and the Vancouver Stock Exchange and Alberta Stock Exchange merged to form the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX) handling trading in junior equities. The Canadian Dealing Network, Winnipeg Stock Exchange, and equities portion of the Montreal Exchange later merged with CDNX
In 2000, the Toronto Stock Exchange became a for-profit company and in 2001 its acronym was changed to TSX[2]. In 2001, the Toronto Stock Exchange acquired the Canadian Venture Exchange, which was renamed the TSX Venture Exchange in 2002. This ended 123 years of the usage of TSE as a Canadian Stock Exchange. On May 11, 2007, the main index of the Toronto Stock Exchange traded above the 14,000 point level for the first time ever.

The TSX Group is the leader in the oil & gas sector - more oil & gas companies are listed on Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) and TSX Venture Exchange than any other exchange in the world. At the end of June 30, 2007, there were 434 oil & gas companies with a total market capitalization of $544.9 billion listed on Toronto Stock Exchange and TSX Venture Exchange. Oil & gas companies continue to raise equity on these exchanges with $5.56 billion raised in the first half of 2007, and $10.5 billion raised in 2006. Over 10 billion oil & gas shares, valued at $169.2 billion, traded on Toronto Stock Exchange and TSX Venture Exchange in the first half of 2007.

New York Stock Exchange

NewYork Stock Exchange
22-10-08 Last Update

NYSE:
value: 6051.34
Change: -236.26

NewYork Stock Exchange (NYSE) one of the world’s largest marketplaces for securities and other exchange-traded investments. The exchange evolved from a meeting of 24 men under a buttonwood tree in 1792 on what is now Wall Street in New York City. It was formally constituted as the New York Stock and Exchange Board in 1817. The present name was adopted in 1863. For most of the NYSE’s history, ownership of the exchange was controlled by members—limited to 1,366 (since 1953)—and the only means of obtaining a membership was by purchasing (since 1868) a seat from an existing member. Greater commercial activity in the United States after the War of 1812 and speculation in railroad stocks in the 1830s increased demand for capital and stimulated trading at the exchange. After the Civil War, the exchange provided the capital for the accelerating industrialization of the United States.
After the Panic of 1837, when many investors suffered heavy losses, the exchange began to demand that companies disclose to the public information about their finances as a condition of offering stock. The Stock Market Crash of 1929, which signaled the start of the Great Depression, led to investigation by the federal government and regulation by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
A corporation must meet defined requirements in order to be listed on the NYSE, and it must meet continued listing criteria to maintain its place there. Corporate governance standards that require the listed company boards to have a majority of independent (nonemployee) directors were introduced in 2003; audit, compensation, and nomination committees must be composed entirely of independent directors. A shift from fractional to decimal pricing occurred in 2001 The ownership structure of the NYSE changed in March 2006 with the formation of the NYSE Group, Inc., a publicly held company. In anticipation of that change, the last seats on the exchange were sold in December 2005 (some selling for as much as $4 million). All seat holders became shareholders of the NYSE Group. A merger with Euronext N.V., a group of European securities exchanges, created the holding company NYSE Euronext in 2007. In 2008 NYSE Euronext agreed to acquire the American Stock Exchange.

Key Terms To Stock Market

The selling of a security that the seller does not own, or any sale that is completed by the delivery of a security borrowed by the seller. Short sellers assume that they will be able to buy the stock at a lower amount than the price at which they sold short.
Market Capitalization A company's market capitalization (or "market cap") is calculated by taking the number of outstanding sgare multiplied by the current price-per-share. It is the amount of money you would have to pay if you bought every share of stock in a company.The price that an investor pays for a security. This price is important, as it is the main component in calculating the returns achieved by the investor.For example, if an investor buys XYZ at 35 Rs, then this would be the purchase price. When looking at the return on the investment, the investor would compare the purchase price of 35 Rs to the price the investment was sold at or the current market price for XYZ.Share Certificates representing ownership in a corporation. Shares are also known as stocks or equities.P/E RatioThe P/E ratio is how much money you are paying for 1 of the company's earnings. If a company were currently trading at a P/E of 20, an investor would be paying 20 Rs for 1 Rs of earnings.The P/E looks at the relationship between the stock price and the company's earnings. You calculate the P/E by taking the share price and dividing it by the company's EPS.In other words, if a company is reporting a profit of 2 Rs per share, and the stock is selling for 20 Rs per share, the P/E ratio is 10 because you are paying ten-times earnings [20 Rs per share dividend by 2 Rs per share earnings = 10]In general, a high P/E suggests that investors are expecting higher earnings growth in the future compared to companies with a lower P/E. However, the P/E ratio doesn't tell us the whole story itself. It's usually more useful to compare the P/E ratios of one company to other companies in the same industry, or to the market in general, or against the company's own historical P/E.It would not be useful for investors using the P/E ratio as a basis for their investment to compare the P/E of a technology company (high P/E) to a utility company (low P/E) as each industry has much different growth prospects.Price / Earnings To Growth - PEG RatioA ratio used to determine a stock's value while taking into account earnings growth. The calculation is as follows:PEG Ratio = Price to Earnings ratio / Annual EPS GrowthPEG is a widely used indicator of a stock's potential value. It is favored by many over the price/earnings ratio because it also accounts for growth. Similar to the P/E ratio, a lower PEG means that the stock is more undervalued.Keep in mind that the numbers used are projected and, therefore, can be less accurate. Also, there are many variations using earnings from different time periods (i.e. 1 year vs. 5 year). Be sure to know the exact definition your source is using.Short SellingThe selling of a security that the seller does not own, or any sale that is completed by the delivery of a security borrowed by the seller. Short sellers assume that they will be able to buy the stock at a lower amount than the price at which they sold short. Selling short is the opposite of going long. That is, short sellers make money if the stock goes down in price.